"Children are increasingly bearing the brunt of this conflict," the London-based organisation says in a report published on Monday.
The report says more than 250 Palestinians under 18 years of age, and over 70 young Israelis have been killed during the two-year Palestinian uprising.
In the latest incident on Monday, a teenage Palestinian boy was killed by machine-gun fire in the West Bank city of Nablus as Israeli tanks moved into a refugee camp, according to Palestinian sources.
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